| Who classifies | The consignor identifies the hazards and assigns the UN number and proper shipping name. | The shipper classes and describes the goods and decides the packaging is authorised (173.22). | The shipper. In the US, the shipper also makes sure the goods are not forbidden by air and meet every air packing rule (172.204(c)(3)). |
| The document | A transport document with the UN number, proper shipping name, class, packing group, packages, total quantity, consignor, consignee and tunnel code where assigned. | A shipping paper with the identification number, proper shipping name, class, packing group, total quantity and an emergency response telephone number (172.201, 172.202). | A shipper’s declaration. In the US, in duplicate, with the net quantity per package and the statement that all the applicable air transport requirements have been met (172.202, 172.204). |
| Signing | No shipper’s declaration on the road document; the consignor gives the carrier the document and information. | The shipper’s certification, signed by a principal, officer, partner or employee of the shipper or its agent (172.204). | The shipper’s declaration, signed by the shipper. |
| Training | Before taking on dangerous goods duties, or under direct supervision until then. DfT: keep records at least 6 years from training, and 2 years after someone leaves. | General awareness, function-specific, safety and security awareness; up to 90 days under direct supervision; again every 3 years; records kept while employed and 90 days after (172.704). | GOV.UK: anyone packing dangerous goods for air must be specially trained. In the US, the 172.704 training, which may cover the ICAO Technical Instructions. |
| Adviser | A dangerous goods safety adviser, unless an exemption applies (DfT guidance). | 49 CFR names no adviser role; each hazmat employer is responsible for compliance (172.704(c)(4)). | Not covered here: check the ICAO Technical Instructions and your airline. |
| On the vehicle or aircraft | Plain orange plates at the front and rear of a vehicle carrying packages, above the small load threshold. | Placards on each side and each end, with an exception below 454 kg (1,001 lb) for the materials in its table 2 (172.504). | A Cargo Aircraft Only label where the goods may not go on passenger aircraft; the airline inspects each package before loading (175.30). |
| Emergency information | The carrier gives the crew the four-page instructions in writing, in a language they understand. | Emergency response information with the shipping paper and a telephone number monitored at all times (172.602, 172.604). | In the US, the same 172.602 information, kept on board with the notification to the pilot. |
| Small amounts | Limited quantities (inner packagings within column 7a, boxes up to 30 kg, trays up to 20 kg) and small loads below the threshold for their transport category. | A limited quantity by road needs no shipping paper (172.200(b)(3)). | In the US, a limited quantity still needs the document (172.200(b)(3)). The package carries the air version of the limited quantity mark. |