ePrivacy Directive Article 5(3), read with the GDPR
Rule: consent before storing or reading information on the device, unless strictly necessary for a service the user asked for. It applies whether or not the data is personal.
Courts: in Planet49 (C-673/17, 1 October 2019) a pre-ticked box was not consent, and users must be told how long cookies last and which third parties get access.
Regulators: the EDPB’s cookie banner taskforce (January 2023) and its Guidelines 2/2023, final in October 2024, which bring pixels and URL tracking within the rule.






